The flow diagram below shows how Compound 1, an alkene, can be converted into a haloalkane through various organic reactions - NSC Technical Sciences - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 2
Question 4
The flow diagram below shows how Compound 1, an alkene, can be converted into a haloalkane through various organic reactions. Letters A and B represent different typ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The flow diagram below shows how Compound 1, an alkene, can be converted into a haloalkane through various organic reactions - NSC Technical Sciences - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 2
Step 1
Write down the TYPE of reaction represented by A
96%
114 rated
Only available for registered users.
Sign up now to view full answer, or log in if you already have an account!
Answer
A represents an Addition/Hydration reaction. This type of reaction involves adding water to the alkene Compound 1, resulting in the formation of an alcohol.
Step 2
Write down the TYPE of reaction represented by B
99%
104 rated
Only available for registered users.
Sign up now to view full answer, or log in if you already have an account!
Answer
B represents a Substitution reaction. In this case, the hydrogen of the alkane is replaced by a halogen, with HF being used as the halogen source.
Step 3
Draw the structural formula of Compound 1 and also give its IUPAC name
96%
101 rated
Only available for registered users.
Sign up now to view full answer, or log in if you already have an account!
Answer
The structural formula of Compound 1 (1-butene) is as follows:
H2C=CH-CH2-CH3
The IUPAC name for Compound 1 is 1-butene.
Step 4
Write down a balanced chemical reaction using structural formulae to represent reaction B
98%
120 rated
Only available for registered users.
Sign up now to view full answer, or log in if you already have an account!
Answer
The balanced chemical reaction for reaction B (substitution with HF) is:
H2C=CH-CH2-CH3 + HF → H2C(HF)-CH2-CH3
Here, the double bond reacts with HF, substituting a hydrogen atom.
Step 5
Give TWO reaction conditions for reaction A
97%
117 rated
Only available for registered users.
Sign up now to view full answer, or log in if you already have an account!
Answer
Acid catalyst (like H2SO4): This is used to facilitate the addition of water to the alkene.
Excess water: To ensure complete hydration of the alkene.
