3.1 Define the term vapour pressure - NSC Technical Sciences - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 2
Question 3
3.1 Define the term vapour pressure.
3.2 Which compound, A or B, has the higher boiling point?
3.3 Explain the answer to QUESTION 3.2 by referring to the STRUCTURE... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:3.1 Define the term vapour pressure - NSC Technical Sciences - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 2
Step 1
Define the term vapour pressure.
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Answer
Vapour pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by a vapor when it is in equilibrium with its liquid phase in a closed system. In other words, it is the measure of the tendency of a substance to evaporate.
Step 2
Which compound, A or B, has the higher boiling point?
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Answer
Compound A has the higher boiling point compared to compound B.
Step 3
Explain the answer to QUESTION 3.2 by referring to the STRUCTURE, STRENGTH OF INTERMOLECULAR FORCES and ENERGY.
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Answer
Compound A has a larger surface area due to its longer chain length compared to compound B, which has more branches. This increased surface area leads to stronger London dispersion forces (intermolecular forces) in compound A. As a result, more energy is required to overcome these stronger intermolecular forces in compound A than those in compound B. Consequently, the boiling point of compound A is higher.
Step 4
What type of structural isomers are compounds A, B and C?
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Answer
Compounds A, B, and C exhibit chain isomerism.
Step 5
Give a reason for the answer to QUESTION 3.4.
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Answer
The organic compounds A, B, and C have the same molecular formula but differ in the arrangement of their carbon skeletons, which qualifies them as structural isomers.
