The flow diagram below shows how Compound 1, an alkene, can be converted into a haloalkane through various organic reactions - NSC Technical Sciences - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 2
Question 4
The flow diagram below shows how Compound 1, an alkene, can be converted into a haloalkane through various organic reactions. Letters A and B represent different typ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The flow diagram below shows how Compound 1, an alkene, can be converted into a haloalkane through various organic reactions - NSC Technical Sciences - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 2
Step 1
Write down the TYPE of reaction represented by A
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Answer
The reaction represented by A is an Addition/Hydration reaction (Addisie/hidrasie reaksie), where water is added to the alkene.
Step 2
Write down the TYPE of reaction represented by B
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The reaction represented by B is a Substitution reaction (Substitusie reaksie), where HF is added to replace a hydrogen atom in the alkene.
Step 3
Draw the structural formula of Compound 1 and also give its IUPAC name
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Answer
The structural formula of Compound 1 is:
H H
\ /
H -- C == C -- H
/ \
H H
The IUPAC name for Compound 1 is But-2-ene.
Step 4
Write down a balanced chemical reaction using structural formulae to represent reaction B
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Answer
The balanced chemical reaction using structural formulae for reaction B is:
H H H F
\ / |
H -- C == C -- H + H-F → H -- C -- C -- H
/ \
H H H
This shows that adding HF to But-2-ene produces a haloalkane.
Step 5
Give TWO reaction conditions for reaction A
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Acid catalyst such as Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is used.
The reaction may require heat, typically under controlled conditions.
