Electric energy

1. Definition and Key Concepts

• Electric energy is transferred from moving charges to the resistor in a circuit.
• This energy is converted into heat and kinetic energy of the particles in the resistor.
• The temperature of the resistor increases as the particles gain more energy.

2. Work Done in an Electric Circuit

• The work done $(W)$ in a circuit is equal to the energy $(E)$ transferred.
• Measured in joules $(J).$

Formula:

$W = E = VQ = VIt = I^2Rt = \frac{V^2t}{R}$

Where:

• $W / E =$ Work done or energy transferred $(J)$
• $V =$ Potential difference $(V)$
• $I =$ Current $(A)$
• $R =$ Resistance $(Ω)$
• $t =$ Time $(s)$
• $Q =$ Charge $(C)$

3. Practical Understanding

• Higher resistance → More energy is converted into heat.
• Longer time → More total energy transferred.
• Higher voltage or current → More power dissipated in the circuit.

4. Key Takeaways

• The correct formula must be used depending on the given values.
• More current or resistance results in higher energy loss as heat.
• Electric energy is crucial in understanding power dissipation in circuits.