Physical properties of organic compounds

1. Key Physical Properties

Organic compounds have various physical properties, including:

• Phase (solid, liquid, gas)
• Melting point
• Boiling point
• Vapour pressure
• Viscosity
• Density
• Solubility

Factors Affecting Physical Properties

• The type of bonding in a compound influences its properties.
• Intermolecular forces determine how molecules interact and influence these properties.

2. Effect of Intermolecular Forces

When intermolecular forces are strong:

• More energy is required to overcome the forces.

• Molecules are not easily separated, resulting in higher melting and boiling points. When intermolecular forces are weak:

• Less energy is required to separate molecules.

• Molecules are easily separated, leading to lower melting and boiling points.

3. Summary

• Stronger intermolecular forces → Higher melting & boiling points.
• Weaker intermolecular forces → Lower melting & boiling points.
• Phase, viscosity, and solubility are all influenced by these forces.